A. Abdulrauf, M. M. Lawal, O. Omoloba, O. B. Abodunrin, and M. Mohammad, “A Binary Firefly Optimized Stacking Ensemble Model for Customer Churn Prediction in the Telecommunications Industry”, Sci. J. Comput. Sci., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 330–345, Aug. 2026.